Objectives: The primary objective is that you will develop a greater knowledge of and appreciation for the incredibly complex human body. You should realize this through anatomical examination integrated with the physiological basis of each body system, and you should be able to apply critical thinking skills as you study the cetral concepts of physiology: regulation and homeostasis. This is a survey of the structure and function of the skeletal, muscular, nervous, endocrine and reproductive systems, within the framework of biological homeostasis. This course is directed toward the health science major. A section of this course is typically offered in each of the fall and spring semesters and summer II.

Prerequisites: None

Credit Value: 3

Contact Time: Two 50 minute lectures and one 3 hour laboratory per week. Students are expected to attend every lecture; failure to attend lecture regularly will inevitably impact negatively on a student's grade. Laboratory exercises will be almost exclusively demonstrative and will include microscopy.

Outcomes: Upon completion of this course the student should have an understanding of the sytems discussed as well as the interaction of systems as they function in the whole human body.

• demonstarted knowledge of five human organ systems: skeletal, muscular, nervous, endocrine, and reproductive by correct identification and use of anatomical terminology and by detailed explantions of human physiology
• development and use of critical thinking skills needed to understand how these complex processes work, and to explain the interrelationships between processes and systems
• knowledge of the histology of each system and ability to recognize tissues from these systems by correctly identifying unknown tissues and specific histological structures, including a limited number of pathological tissues
• demonstrated knowledge of bones and processes through identification from actual human bones and models
• demonstrate knowledge of gross anatomy of the other four systems through model and figure identification
• demonstrate knowledge of anatomy of the nervous system by dissection and identification of the parts of the sheep brain and cow or sheep eye

Assessment: Three lecture exams and two laboratory practicals will be administered. Exams normally cover material presented in lecture, along with assigned readings from the text. The third lecture exam, the final, is cumulative. Laboratory quizzes will be given in the first half hour of each laboratory, and will cover topics for that day in lab.

• NOTE: Assessment format may vary among instructors.

Lecture Schedule:

• Cell structure and genetic regulation
• Tissues: general characteristics, cartilage, bone, muscle, and nerve detail
• Gross and microscopic anatomy of skeletal muscle, molecular basis of contraction, energetics, mechanisms of contraction, types of contractions, movements of diarthoses, smooth muscle contraction, cardiac muscle contraction
• Organization of the nervous system, histology, neurophysiology, synaptic transmission and integration
• Peripheral nervous system
• Central nervous system
• Autonomic nervous sytem
• Endocrine system, hormones, actions and interactions
• Male reproductive system
• Female reproductive system
• Fertilization and early development

• NOTE: Lecture sequence may vary among instructors.

Laboratory Schedule:

• Orientation
• Microscopic examination of cells, tissues, and organs
• Axial skeleton, articulations
• Appendicular skeleton, movement
• Muscles of the head and neck
• Upper extremity
• Muscles of abdominal walls, vertebral column, lower extremity skeletal muscle physiology
• Neurons, nerves, reflexes
• Brain and cranial nerves
• Chemical and visual senses
• Tactile and auditory senses
• Male and female reproductive systems, endocrinology

• NOTE: Laboratory sequence may vary among instructors.