Publication: Book and Chapter

1.Liu, W.(2008). Adolescents’ physical activity levels and behaviors: Examined from perspective of field dependence-independence. Saarbrücken, Germany: VDM Verlag Dr. Müller.

2. Liu, W. (2008). Field-Dependent Children: A less athletically skilled and less physically active subpopulation. In N. P. Beaulieu (Ed.), Physical activity and children: New research (pp. 155-175). Hauppauge, NY: Nova Science Publishers.

Publication: Refereed Articles (except one)

Wang, J., Liu, W., & Moffit, J. (under review). Skills and tactics used by players in pick-up basketball games. Perceptual and Motor Skills.

Wang, J., Liu, W., & Moffit, J. (under review). Arm and trunk actions of overhead forehand strokes used in badminton games. Perceptual and Motor Skills.

1. Zeng, H. Z, Leung, R. W., & Liu, W. (in press). An examination of competitive anxieties and self-confidences among college varsity athletes. Journal of Physical Education and Recreation.

2. Zeng, H. Z., Leung, R. W., Liu, W., & Hipscher, M. (in press). Physical education in urban high school class settings: Features and correlations between teaching behaviors and learning activities. Physical Educator.

3. Liu, W., & Chepyator-Thomson, J. R. (in press). Field dependence-independence and physical activity engagement among middle school students. Physical Education and Sport Pedagogy.

4. Liu, W., Wang, J., & Xu, F. (2008). Middle school children’s attitudes toward physical activity. The ICHPER∙SD (The International Council for Health, Physical Education, Recreation, Sport & Dance) Journal of Research, 3(2), 78-85.

5. Liu, W., & Chepyator-Thomson, J. R. (2008). Associations among field dependence-independence, sports participation, and physical activity level among school children. Journal of Sports Behavior, 31, 130-146.

6. Liu, W., Wang, J., & Xu, F. (2008). Choices of after-school physical activity by middle school children. The ICHPER∙SD (The International Council for Health, Physical Education, Recreation, Sport & Dance) Journal of Research, 3(1), 106-115.

7. Liu, W. (2007). Field dependence-independence and physical activity of black and white adolescents. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 104, 722-724.

8. Liu, W. (2006). Field dependence-independence and participation in physical activity by college students. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 102, 806-814.

9. Liu, W. (2006). A paradigm shift: From fitness focus to lifelong physical activity participation. Pennsylvania Journal of Health, Physical Education, Recreation & Dance, 76(4), 45-47.

10. Liu, W. (2003). Field dependence-independence and sports with a preponderance of closed or open skill. Journal of Sports Behavior, 26, 285-297.

11. Chepyator-Thomson, J. R., & Liu, W. (2003). Pre-service teachers’ reflections on student teaching experiences: Lessons learned and suggestions for reform in PETE programs. Physical Educator, 60, 2-12.

12. Liu, W., & Chepyator-Thomson, J. R. (2001). Improving student teaching experience in physical education: An analysis of pre-service teachers’ perspective about student teaching. In M. K. Chin, L. D. Hensley, & Y. K. Liu (Eds.), 2000 International Conference for Physical Educators Proceedings: Innovation and application of physical education and sports science in the new millennium – an Asia-Pacific perspective (pp. 221-228). China: The Hong Kong Institute of Education.

13. Liu, W., & Si, G. (2001). Field-dependent students in physical education: Their limitations and the solution thereof. In M. K. Chin, L. D. Hensley, & Y. K. Liu (Eds.), 2000 International Conference for Physical Educators Proceedings: Innovation and application of physical education and sports science in the new millennium – an Asia-Pacific perspective (pp. 237-247). China: The Hong Kong Institute of Education.

14. Chepyator-Thomson, J. R., & Liu, W. (2000). Prospective teacher’s perspectives on student teaching experience. Educational Research Journal, 15, 223-240.

15. Schempp, P., Dorgo, S., Hall, T., Liu, W., & Smith, M. (2000). A review of curriculum scholarship in physical education (1998-2000): Analyzing innovations. International Journal of Physical Education, 37, 84-93.

16. McCullick, B. A., & Liu, W. (2000). Physical education and sport in the United States: A contrast and comparison. Journal of Physical Education, (3), 123-128.

17. Apitzsch, E., & Liu, W. (1997). Correlation between field dependence-independence and handball shooting by Swedish national male handball players. Perceptual and Motor Skill, 84, 1395-1398.

18. Liu, W. (1996). Review of recent Chinese research on field dependence-independence in high-level athletes. Perceptual and Motor Skill, 83, 1187-1193.

19. Liu, W. (1994). The threshold and target zones for reducing heart disease risk and improving cardiovascular fitness. China’s Health Care, (1), 9.

20. Zhang, H., & Liu, W. (1993). Design and experiment of feedback pattern in track and field teaching. Journal of Wuhan Institute of Physical Education, (Suppl.), 131-139.

21. Liu, W. (1993). Error measures of motor learning with target. Journal of Wuhan Institute of Physical Education, (2), 72-75.

22. Liu, W. (1993). Lumber lordosis and early diagnosis. The Public Health, (2), 8-9.

23. Liu, W., & Li, Z. (1992). Principles of motor control – theory of open- and closed-loop systems. Henan Sports Science, (4), 15-18.

24. Liu, W., & Li, Z. (1992). Why can sports movement go on automatically? Public Psychology, (5), 43-44.

25. Liu, W. (1992). Limited attention capacity and countermeasures in motor skill performance. Journal of Wuhan Institute of Physical Education, (3), 45-48.

26. Liu, W., & Li, Z. (1992). Motor programs and motor control. Hebei Sports Science, (4), 9-12.

27. Liu, W., & Li, Z. (1992). Comparison between two basic theories of motor learning and control. Journal of Wuhan Institute of Physical Education, (2), 69-72.

28. Liu, W. (1992). Measures and application of motor learning performance. Sichuan Sports science, (1), 12-16.

29. Liu, W. (1992). Research methods in graduation theses by college student majoring in physical education. Research on Advanced Physical Education, (2), 32-35.

30. Liu, W., & Qiu, Z. Y. (1992). Relationship of cognitive styles and competitive sports. Journal of Wuhan Institute of Physical Education, (1), 37-41.

31. Li, W. G., & Liu, W. (1991). Investigation to physical education major student teaching. Hubei University Sport, (4), 4-7.

32. Liu, W. (1991). Kinetic resources of air rotating movements and regulative principles in high jump. Anhui sports Science, (4), 24-26.

33. Liu, W. (1991). Briefing of the First East Asian Junior Athletics Meet. Information of Track and Field, (3), 48.

34. Liu, W. (1991). A preliminary study of nerve types and field dependence-independence of Chinese male high jump masters of sports. Acta Psychologica Sinica, (1), 62-68.

35. Liu, W. (1990). The second design for the breaking line of the standard 400-meter track. Hubei Sports Science, (1), 42-43.

36. Liu, W. (1990). Field dependence-independence of Chinese elite male high jumpers. Guide to Track and Field, (3), 20-21, 37

37. Liu, W. (1988). Quiet nerve type and sport. Henan Sports Science, (6), 69-72.

38. Liu, W. (1988b). Nerve types of Chinese elite male high jumpers (2nd part). Guide to Track and Field, (8), 13-14.

39. Liu, W. (1988a). Nerve types of Chinese elite male high jumpers (1st part). Guide to Track and Field, (7), 13-15.

40. Liu, W. (1988). Field dependence-independence and high jump. Public Psychology, (4), 43-44.

41. Liu, W. (1988). Field dependence-independence of university high jumpers. Psychological Sciences, (2), 53-54, 63.

42. Liu, W. (1987). Excited nerve type and high level male high jump. Shangdong Sports Science, (4), 58-62.

43. Jiang, Z. B., & Liu, W. (1987). The focal points in teaching pole vault. Hubei University Sports Science, (4), 23-25.

44. Liu, W. (1986). Explication for classifying criterion and principle of nerve types of “80.8 Nerve Type Test”. Shangdong Sports Science, (3), 54-57.

45. Liu, W. (1986). Analysis of high jumpers’ psychological diathesis. Track and Field, (4), 25-26.

Publication: Refereed Research Abstracts

1. Zeng, H. Z., Liu, W., & Leung, R. (2008). Learning outcomes of three teaching styles in collegiate volleyball classes [Abstract]. Proceedings of International Convention on Science, Education and Medicine in Sport (Vol. I), 93-94. Guangzhou, China: People’s Sports Publishing House.

2. Zeng, H. Z., Liu, W., & Robinson, G. (2008). Competitive anxieties and self-confidences among NCAA Division III college varsity athletes. Proceedings of International Convention on Science, Education and Medicine in Sport (Vol. III), 221-222. Guangzhou, China: People’s Sports Publishing House.

3. Wang, J., Liu, W., & Bian, W. (2008). Perception on motives and constraints among regular pick-up basketball players. Proceedings of International Convention on Science, Education and Medicine in Sport (Vol. II), 203-204. Guangzhou, China: People’s Sports Publishing House.

4. Zeng, H. Z., Liu, W., & Hipscher, M. (2008). Comparison of coaching behaviors between individual sports and team sports [Abstract]. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 79(Suppl.), A-69.

5. Zeng, H. Z., Leung, R. W., Hipscher, M., & Liu, W. (2008). Examining teaching behaviors and learning activities in collegiate physical education classes [Abstract]. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 79(Suppl.), A-70.

6. Liu, W., & Wang, J. (2007). Children’s attitudes toward physical activity: Organized sports participants versus nonorganized sports participants [Abstract]. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 78, A-82.

7. Wang, J., & Liu, W. (2007). Performance patterns of regular players in pickup basketball game [abstract]. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 78, A-76.

8. Liu, W., & Wang, J. (2007). Choices of after-school physical activity by middle school boys and girls [Abstract]. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 78, A-65.

9. Liu, W., Peng, S., & Earl, K. (2006) Associations of body mass index with physical activity, television watching, and sports skill among middle school girls and boys [Abstract]. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 77(Suppl.), A-64.

10. Liu, W. (2005). Black and white adolescents: Their differences in field dependence-independence and physical activity involvement [Abstract]. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 76(Suppl.), A-106.

11. Liu, W., & Chepyator-Thomson, J. R. (2005). Stability and enhancement of physical activity levels across 6th, 7th, and 8th graders: It is possible [Abstract]. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 76(Suppl.), A-82.

12. Liu, W. (2004). Sports skill and physical activity level among adolescents [Abstract]. In V. Klisouras (Ed.), 2004 Pre-Olympic Congress Proceeding: Volume II: Posters: Sport Science through the Ages (p. 420). Thessaloniki, Greece: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki.

13. Liu, W. (2004). Field dependence-independence as measured by rod-and-frame test: A factor related to motor skill and ability [Abstract]. In V. Klisouras (Ed.), 2004 Pre-Olympic Congress Proceeding: Volume II: Posters: Sport Science through the Ages (pp. 196-197). Thessaloniki, Greece: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki.

14. Liu, W., & Chepyator-Thomson, J. R. (2004). Contribution of organized sports to physical activity level: A middle school as a case [Abstract]. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 75(Suppl.), A-72.

15. Liu, W., & Chepyator-Thomson, J. R. (2004). Relations of field dependence-independence to adolescents’ physical activity level [Abstract]. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 75(Suppl.), A-92.

16. Liu, W., & Chepyator-Thomson, J. R. (2003). The differences in middle school children’s physical activity level: from the perspective of field dependence-independence [Abstract]. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 74(Suppl.), A-48.

17. Liu, W. (1999). Field dependence-independence and sports with a preponderance of closed or open skills [Abstract]. Proceedings of 1999 International Conference of Association for the Advancement of Applied Sport Psychology (p. 70), Banff, Canada.