Vaginal Health

HEALTHY/NORMAL VAGINAL DISCHARGE
The vagina contains many types of organisms that help it stay healthy. Normal vaginal discharge comes from the mucus secretions of the cervix (the neck of the uterus) and vagina, along with shedding vaginal cells. This discharge helps to keep the vagina moist and clean and is natural protection against foreign organisms. All women have vaginal discharge, although the amount and consistency may be different. Each woman's vaginal discharge will vary depending on the phase of her menstrual cycle and her level of sexual arousal.

NORMAL VAGINAL DISCHARGE IS:
- transparent or cloudy-white in color
- when dried on clothing is yellowish in color
- non-irritating
- does not have an unpleasant odor

DO'S AND DON'TS FOR A HEALTHY VAGINA

DO:
- do wear cotton underwear
- do wipe front to back after going to the bathroom
- do change tampons frequently and after you urinate
- do use lubricated condoms with intercourse
- do use a lubricant with intercourse if your vagina feels dry (for example K-Y Jelly or Replens)

DON'T:
- don't douche unless instructed by your health care provider
- don't wear tight fitting pants or pantyhose
- don't use feminine products with deodorant such as sprays, powders, tampons, or sanitary pads
- don't have vaginal intercourse after anal intercourse without applying a new condom (bacteria in the rectum could be transferred to the vagina)

WHEN TO BE CONCERNED ABOUT VAGINAL DISCHARGE
Changes in vaginal discharge could mean you have a vaginal infection, a sexually transmitted infection (STI), or improper hygiene habits. Symptoms may include a change in your discharge (increased amount, change in color, foul smelling odor), vaginal itch, burning with urination, and pain or spotting with intercourse. Make an appointment with your health care provider if you have any of these symptoms. Your health care provider will ask you about your hygiene, sexual habits, and symptoms; and perform an exam. Specimens of your discharge will be taken to determine the type of problem you have, so your provider can prescribe the appropriate treatment. Call the Student Health Center for a vaginal infection exam, which may include STI testing.

YEAST VAGINITIS (Candidiasis)
Yeast Vaginitis is caused by an overgrowth of yeast organisms that are normally present in the vagina in small amounts.

SYMPTOMS
Symptoms include a thick white discharge and itching. The itching may be so intense that it is painful. This may lead to discomfort/pain with urination or intercourse.

CAUSES
Yeast infections usually occur when the vagina's PH is changed from acidic to alkaline (the acidic PH is what keeps the vagina healthy).
Factors that may contribute to this change include:
- taking antibiotics
- stress
- certain medical conditions (i.e. HIV/AIDS, diabetes, and pregnancy)
- a warm, moist genital environment (i.e. Damp exercise clothes, pantyhose, nylon underwear, wet bathing suit)
- hormonal fluctuations associated with menstrual cycle, including hormonal changes when initially starting birth control pills.

TREATMENTS

• An anti-fungal medication, either oral or vaginal will be prescribed. Do not use tampons during treatment with vaginal medications.
• Abstain from sexual intercourse during treatment.
• Male partners usually do not require treatment.
• With vaginal preparations, use all of the medication even if you start your period.
• Oral anti-fungal medication, such as Diflucan, is a one-dose pill. Although you finish the treatment in one day, it may take up to seven days for all your symptoms to resolve. You cannot take oral anti-fungals if you are pregnant, have liver disease or are taking certain medications. Discuss this with your health care provider.